Casting typically yields parts that are near net shape.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Sometimes true
• D. Never

Answer: (A)

Casting is a shaping method that aims for near-net geometry, meaning the part produced in the mold is close to its final dimensions and features. The mold cavity is designed to replicate the desired shape, so the as-cast part already contains most of the features with only small allowances remaining for shrinkage, parting lines, and drafts. With processes like investment casting or precision casting, tolerances and surface finish can be quite tight, reducing the amount of material that needs to be removed after casting. Designers routinely incorporate shrinkage allowances and finishing stock into the pattern so that the final machining required brings the part to exact specifications, making near-net shape a common and expected outcome of casting. Of course, the degree of closeness to the final shape varies with the casting method and material—sand casting may require more machining than investment casting—but the general aim and typical result are near-net shapes, so the statement is true.